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Kenzoflex 500mg 28 tabs, Ciprofloxacin

INDICATIONS: Ciprofloxacin has a broad antibacterial spectrum bactericidal, which includes most of enterobacteria, causing not only urinary and intestinal diseases, but the bacteria responsible for prostatic infections; respiratory infections as well as both high and low respiratory tract, including patients with cystic fibrosis; It has also proved useful in the treatment of skin infections, bone and joint infections, gynecological and even in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea.

Its high efficiency achieved by the power against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter species, P. aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Branhamella catarrhalis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae; It is also effective against staphylococci (including resistant meticiclinas). Has some inhibitory activity against intracellular C. trachomatis and Mycoplasma, Legionella, and Brucella

Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ciprofloxacin has moderate activity against bacilli and anaerobic cocci, enterococci and pneumococci. It can be used as prophylaxis in immunosuppressed or neutropenic patients in which there is imminent danger of infection. One of the most important aspects of this quinolone microbiological concerns that bacterial resistance develops slowly and, on the other hand, it also inhibits organisms possessing lactamases and aminoglycoside-resistant organisms.
In some studies it has been shown that P. aeruginosa can desarrrolar resistance to ciprofloxacin during treatment with this one.

Pharmacokinetics: One of the advantages of ciprofloxacin is to be an antibiotic that can be administered orally and in severe cases intravenously. Its viability is about 60% and peak plasma concentration is 2.4 micrograms per milliliter. After oral administration of 500 mg, 50% of the dose is recovered unchanged in the urine, the remainder is recovered unchanged in the faeces and as urinary metabolites. The means for removal of ciprofloxacin time is 3 to 4 hours, when renal function is normal and increases when renal function is impaired. Binding to proteins is only 10 to 15%.

Ciprofloxacin acts by inhibiting gyrase (enzyme that retains the structure of the acid, bacterial DNA), thus achieving curl destroy the chromosome DNA of the bacteria, thus preventing replication and bacterial growth alternating; this is achieved with a concentration of 0.1 to 10 micrograms per milliliter. Ciprofloxacin also able to inhibit eukaryotes (bacteria lacking DNA gyrase and DNA possess isomerase type), except that this is achieved with higher concentrations from 100 to 1,000 micrograms per milliliter.

Contraindications Ciprofloxacin should not be used in cases of hypersensitivity to salt or other quinolone chemotherapeutics type. Do not use in children or young growing children, as in models of animal experimentation has been detected which produces alteration in the growth plates in non-adult organisms, these changes have not been tested in humans.

PRECAUTIONS: Do not administer to children under 18, or during pregnancy and lactation.
RESTRICTIONS OF USE DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: Use of ciprofloxacin in pregnant women is not recommended because it has not been ruled teratogenic power, not use in lactating women are recommended.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Adverse effects usually appear in gastrointestinal tract and in 2-4% of patients emerge nausea, or vomiting; in 1 to 3% of patients there is headache, dizziness and drowsiness. There may be changes as fatigue, irritability, rashes including photosensitivity reactions; anorexia, tachycardia, migraine, pseudomembranous colitis, psychotic reactions, convulsions, shock, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, interstitial nephritis, and in severe cases have been filed hepatic necrosis and renal failure transient, as well as loss of hearing, decreased ability to drive or operate machinery.

Are rare anomalies that occur in the laboratory, the most frequent data found in this regard are: eosinophilia, leukopenia, abnormal numbers of liver function and elevated total bilirubin.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Absorption of ciprofloxacin with minimum delay suffers food eaten together with it. Should not be coadministered with tiofilinas since the simultaneous administration produces toxicity by elevated concentration of methylxanthines. Its use in conjunction with NSAIDs, except aspirin, may lead to seizures. Minerals containing antacids reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin.

CHANGES IN RESULTS OF LABORATORY TESTS: Ciprofloxacin may increase the values of liver enzymes (transaminases, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase). You can also produce transient increases in BUN and serum creatinine and hyperglycemia.

PRECAUTIONS IN RELATION TO EFFECTS OF CARCINOGENESIS, MUTAGENESIS, Impairment of Fertility: use in pregnant women is not recommended because it has not been ruled teratogenic power.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Oral.
We recommend using 250 mg of ciprofloxacin in urinary tract infections every 12 hours; respiratory infections, skin, bone and joints can be increased to 500 mg every 12 hours or 750 mg in severe cases every 12 hours. They have been recommended for severe cases of pulmonary infections doses up to 250 mg every 8 hours. Continuous treatment is recommended for 7 to 14 days. Infections of bone and joints may require 4 to 6 weeks of treatment. The dose should be reduced in patients with severe renal impairment and in elderly patients. For uncomplicated gonorrhea is sufficient a single dose of 250 mg, when there are changes in creatinine dosage should be reduced.

If the patient can not use the oral route is recommended for any infection 200 mg every 12 hours by intravenous infusion is preferred to apply the infusion lasting approximately 30 minutes; The solution is compatible with physiological NaCl solution, Ringer, Ringer lactate, dextrose 5 and 10%. There is inconsistency in the mix with penicillins and heparin infusion.

MANIFESTATIONS AND MANAGEMENT OF OVERDOSE OR ACCIDENTAL INGESTION

In case of accidental ingestion and massive doses, is recommended gastric emptying by inducing vomiting or by gastric lavage; observe the patient, monitor your hydration and your general condition. If massive doses cause renal injury, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may help the body eliminate ciprofloxacin.

PRESENTATIONS:
Tablets of 250 and 500 mg, of ciprofloxacin.
RECOMMENDED STORAGE: Store at room temperature to no more than 30 ° C and dry temperature.